Overview on Climate Resilience Efforts

The 2013–2025 National Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategy lays the foundation for integrating climate action into national priorities. It aims to build resilience through low-carbon development and adaptation integration across sectors and local plans.

Two national development plans—the 2020–2024 Government Five-Year Program and the 2015–2035 National Development Strategy—guide broader resilience efforts. At the local level, 71% of districts and 34% of municipalities have implemented adaptation or resilience plans.

Mozambique established a National System for Monitoring and Evaluation of Climate Change in 2014 to identify sectoral investment gaps and enhance coordination. The Urban Water Security Programme aims to expand access to safe water in selected cities and support the Urban Water Supply Investment Programme (2023–2029), which aligns with the AIP.

Mozambique previously received an Adaptation Fund readiness grant for technical peer support from Kenya’s NEMA for national entity accreditation.

Gender Dimensions of Climate Change

Mozambican women face heightened vulnerability due to:

• Natural disasters: Limited access to early warnings and evacuation resources exacerbates risk during floods and cyclones.
• Agriculture and food security: Climate impacts reduce productivity in smallholder farming, where women are prominent.
• Water and sanitation: Increased water scarcity adds to the burden on women and girls, who are primary water collectors.
• Health risks: Rising waterborne and vector-borne diseases disproportionately impact women and children.
• Income disparities: Climate shocks undermine women’s livelihoods and deepen gender inequality.

Gender mainstreaming initiatives include:

• 2009 Law on Prevention of Violence Against Women and Girls
• 2006 National Gender Policy
• 2008–2014 National Strategy for Gender Equality and Equity
• National Action Plan for the Advancement of Women

Project Focus